Lesson 7: Realistically.

Optimist? No. Pessimist? No. Realist? Definitely!

What is an optimist?

People who look things at the bright side + positive attitude.

Pessimist?

Tend to look at the bad side + negative attitude.

Realist?

People who are realistic. They keep it real and simple.

Which one are YOU?

Choose a side!

Figure out who you are!

Do you see the glass below as half full or half empty?

(a) Half full = you're an optimist!

(b) Hall empty = you're a pessimist!

(c) Something else other than above? = you're a realist!

Troublesome family? Just lost a lover?

Got an 'F'?

No money?

Terrible friends? Horrific teachers?

Feel like killing yourself eh pessimists?

Pretending it's all rainbow now optimists?

Be a realist NOW!

an optimist would still believe a lie...

but being a realist,

you'd tell the person to shut up.

how to be realist?

-When everyone else walk in the rain, you learn how to dance in it! And thus, creating your own rainbow!

-When pessimists are troubled by the enemies while optimists try to make friend with them, you on the other hand, LOVE THE HATERS! Why? Coz you're famous!

(I mean, who else is going to talk about you all day long?)

- When you're given two wrong choices and have to choose from one, you simply create another option.

-When a friend turned into an enemy and back again as your friend, say this:

i've never liked you anyway...

-Reporter:Your 'so-called-friends' claim they don't love you. Does it hurt?

You: A little bit but it doesn't really bother me.

Reporter: Why?

You: It's okay coz even if they don't, other people still do. And, just because they don't love you doesn't mean there's something wrong with you. It means that there's something wrong with them coz why can't they when a lot more do?

Reporter: So, who is it that loves you?

You: My parents, my brothers and sisters, my grandmother, my grandfather, my cousins, my nephews, my nieces, my uncles, my aunts, my best friends and most of all me.

Source of pictures: Google image

One last tip: When life gives you lemon, you either make a lemonade and sell it OR plant it in the backyard!

Lesson 5: Conjunctions

CONJUNCTIONS

Function: To link words or groups of words to other part of the sentence and show the relationship between them.

TYPES

(1) Coordinating

(2) Correlative

(3) Subordinating

Coordinating Conjunction

-It joins two or more elements of equal ranks.

- Eg: 'and' , 'but', 'or', 'nor', 'for', 'so'.

Correlative Conjunction

-Used in pairs.

- Function: Emphasize the elements being joined together.

-Also join elements of equal rank.

- 'both......and.....'

- 'either......or......'

-'neither......nor....'

-'not only.......but also...'

Subordinating Conjunction

-Join elements of unequal rank.

-Usually a 'sub clause' and an independent clause.

-'Subject + Verb' combination.

-Cannot stand alone.

-Depend on the main clause.

-Function: introduce or join elements.

-Eg: after, although, because, before, if, since, while, as, when, where, which, who.

Other Helps:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlPnBBoca7s

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INMmlDLOJxw

source of images: Google Image.

Lesson 4: Literary Devices

INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE

Literary Devices are tools used by writers/poets to add creativity to his/her

work.

The devices are divided into 2:

(a) Literary Elements (basic tools)

(b) Literary Techniques (deliberate tools)

Literary Elements:

• Plot

- Exposition (beginning), Rising Action, Climax (middle), Falling Action and

Resolution(ending).

-The graph is usually the same (right image) but may varies (image left) according to the story.

• Theme(s)

- There are major theme and sub themes.

-The theme represents the message the writer/poet wants to deliver throughout the work.

• Setting(s)

-Two kinds: Time and Place.

-Time involves the age or decade the story lingers around. Could also be during the morning until night.

-Place determines the venue. Example: Kuala Lumpur, in the kitchen.

• Characters

-The roles played in the story.

-Only available in stories, not poems.

• Point of View

-How the narrator tells the story.

-First: One of the characters tells the story through his/her/their eyes.

-Third: Narrator is someone who is outside the story. Omniscent (knows it all) or Limited (limit).

• Tone [restricted to poems only]

-The emotions/feelings underneath the chosen w

ords by the persona.

-Varies from happy to sad.

*more info go to http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=13NYEimqla8&feature=related

*images are obtained at Google Search (image)

Literary Techniques:

• Imagery

-Figurative languages.

-Examples: metaphor, simile, personification, etc.

• Structure

-The form of the story

-Example: Dialogue, Narrative, Descriptive, etc.